Heart Disease

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Video: Heart Disease

Video: Heart Disease
Video: Cardiovascular Disease Overview 2024, March
Heart Disease
Heart Disease
Anonim

Any disease that damages the heart belongs to the group of heart disease. There are a wide variety of factors that can cause heart damage. Risk factors are defined as all conditions that damage the outer layer of the walls of blood vessels and prevent the transfer of oxygen and essential nutrients to the heart.

During the initial phases of heart disease the destructive action of tobacco, synthetic food additives and gaseous fumes increase blood pressure, which in turn leads to hardening of the arteries / atherosclerosis /. Over the years, the accumulation of various harmful substances leads to the formation of atherosclerotic changes and potential blockage of the arteries.

Blocking those arteries that lead to the brain can cause a stroke, and blocking the arteries to the heart can lead to a heart attack.

Types of heart disease

Atherosclerosis - this is the most common heart disease. The process of wall compaction and loss of elasticity is slowly progressing. The diet contributes a lot to the development of atherosclerotic processes, because the accumulation of fat and cholesterol on the inner walls of the coronary arteries leads to their narrowing, impedes normal blood circulation and can lead to heart attack.

Heart defect
Heart defect

Chest frog - is a spasm of the heart muscle, which is caused by blockage of the main artery. This in turn causes a lack of oxygen in the heart area. The result of these processes causes a situation that is too close to getting a person in an environment with too little oxygen. People with a toad experience a feeling of chest pain, mild pain in the shoulders, wrist and jaw.

The problem with the thoracic frog stems from the blockage of blood flow, which is caused by atherosclerosis. It occurs when the inefficient action of the tissues, which creates an imbalance in the blood entering the heart. This is a situation during which the narrowing of the blood vessels leads to the phenomenon of the inflow of blood exceeding the outflow. This not only overloads the heart, but also causes a dangerous return of blood to other organs.

Heart defect - is caused by the connection of arterial and venous circulation in the fetus. Under normal conditions, this connection is broken with birth, but in babies who suffer from heart disease, it continues to be present after that. A heart defect involves a division between the heart cavity and the surrounding blood vessels. Newborn babies with this problem have a bluish color.

Rheumatic heart disease - represents heart diseasewhich is associated with rheumatic fever. It is characterized by damage to the entire area of the heart muscle. In the past, rheumatism was one of the leading forms of heart problems among children and adolescents, but thanks to the wide selection of antibiotics, it is not such a common problem today.

Arrhythmia - is an abnormal heartbeat in the ventricles and atria. The pulsations are also felt as a throbbing in the chest and a lack of rhythm, which usually indicates that the heart needs nutrients, that it is tired or too overloaded. Cardiac arrhythmia is also associated with improper bowel function, flatulence, allergies and fermentation in the stomach. It is possible that caffeine may also be involved.

Myocarditis - a condition that is more common in the elderly. They represent a degeneration of heart inflammation and are expressed in dilation, which is an enlargement of the heart muscle caused by weakness or hypertrophy.

Heart problems
Heart problems

Symptoms of heart disease

The initial phases of a given heart disease they do not have any symptoms and characteristic manifestations. This is due to the fact that the disease develops slowly, even for years. Symptoms appear only when severe blockage of the arteries occurs, as in atherosclerosis. She is called a silent killer because her victims do not suspect her existence until the first crisis occurs. Some of the first indications that may indicate a heart problem are leg cramps while walking, changes in skin color and temperature, headache, fatigue, chest pain, shortness of breath, swelling of the ankles.

Diagnosis of heart disease

The presence of heart disease is established by a detailed description of the symptoms and a number of tests.

The electrocardiogram is a non-invasive test that records the electrical impulses emitted by the heart. An ECG records these electrical signals and can help the doctor detect abnormalities in the rhythm and structure of the heart. Echocardiography is an ultrasound examination of the chest that shows a detailed picture of the structure and function of the heart. Cardiac computed tomography is often used to check for heart failure or arrhythmia. Other tests that may be included are blood tests, cardiac catheterization, and chest x-rays.

Treatment of heart disease

Fish and fish oil
Fish and fish oil

When establishing heart disease medications are prescribed to prevent complications. Among the prescribed drugs are antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants that limit blood clotting, beta-blockers, nitrates, calcium channel blockers. Diuretics reduce the amount of fluid in the body, and thrombolytic agents are given during a seizure to break down blood clots in the coronary artery and restore blood flow.

In addition to taking medication, the patient must make some lifestyle changes. Moderate exercise, daily walking and exercise, limiting stress and obligations are recommended. A sedentary lifestyle and poor nutrition are some of the most serious enemies of heart health.

Nutrition in heart disease

Patients should switch to a predominantly vegetarian diet, which consists of a complete diet. The basis of this diet are fruits, vegetables, legumes and whole grains, tofu. Fish and fish oil contain essential omega-3 fatty acids. Fatty and heavy foods, alcohol, tobacco, semi-finished products are foods that should be avoided. Salt consumption should also be limited. Caffeine and carbonated beverages should be replaced with water and freshly squeezed juices.

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