2024 Author: Brian Parson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 15:02
Impaired muscle tone is manifested mostly in children. The condition is called muscular hypotension. It appears suddenly and is characterized by excessive muscle relaxation or tension.
Impaired muscle tone in children can be due to a number of causes and diseases. Such are spasticity, dystonia, metabolic disorders, cerebral palsy, muscle diseases and others. The condition is not to be underestimated and requires consultation with a doctor.
In children, the condition is established when it is difficult to keep the head in an upright position, delayed motor development, such as crawling, grabbing objects, walking, difficulty sucking and swallowing. In them, muscular hypotension is referred to as "relaxed child" syndrome.
Muscle hypotension in adults is also characterized by an increase or decrease in muscle tone. There can be several reasons for this.
Metabolic disorders, such as hypernatremia, are among the causes of impaired muscle tone.
A number of muscle injuries, such as muscle spasms, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, dystonia, myasthenia gravis, are also among the possibilities.
Neurological damage, such as lesions of the upper motor neurons, Guillain-Barré syndrome, cerebral palsy, and multiple sclerosis, causes certain disorders of muscle tone in rare cases, but still ranks among the possible causes.
Among other possibilities, flexible joints may be among the reasons. People with flexible joints are more prone to certain diseases. The term joint hypermobility describes joints with a greater ability to stretch than normal. Their presence allows the performance of more movements than usual.
In general, decreased muscle tone is expressed in reduced muscle resistance during passive stretching. Even in a normal state, the muscles are never completely relaxed. There is always a certain tension, a tone in them.
When muscle hypotension is observed, changes in posture and muscle consistency occur. They become soft and relaxed. The volume of limb movement increases, reflexes slow down, muscle strength decreases, speech difficulties appear, as well as difficulty getting up from a sitting or lying position.
Impaired muscle tone is divided into generalized or limited. In generalized causes are damage to the cerebellum. The condition can be on the side of the cerebellar lesion or it can be bilateral.
Limited muscle hypotension results from damage to the deep senses, muscles, central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. Both conditions can be both acquired and congenital.
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